The benefits and risks of digital diplomacy on Uganda’s diplomatic practice in the 21st Century

Abstract

With advancements in broadband coverage in Uganda, that 65 percent of the population is at least covered by 3G (3rd generation of wireless mobile telecommunications technology) and 17 percent covered by LTE/4G (4th generation of wireless mobile telecommunications technology), there has been changing form of diplomatic interactions in the 21st century. This has been coupled with digitalized technologies and public involvement, many states have had different tests and experiences of this phenomena. In so being, this study focused at examining the Benefits and Risks of Digital Diplomacy on Uganda’s Diplomatic Practice in the 21st Century. In order to realize this, the researcher was guided by three major questions that included: How effective are the existing institutional digital frameworks for Uganda’s diplomatic practice in the 21st century? What are the benefits of digital diplomacy in achieving Uganda’s diplomatic goals in the 21st century? What are the risks associated with digital diplomacy in Uganda’s diplomatic practice in the 21st century? Through the guidance of a Face and Politeness Theory of Digital Diplomacy, the researcher adopted a case study design that was anchored on documentary review methods to collect data that was analysed thematically. The major findings indicate that Uganda has already established a number of institutional digital frameworks for diplomatic practice that include, the creation of the National Identification and Registration Authority (NIRA), establishment of Uganda Communications Commission (UCC), establishment of digital frameworks to enable Ugandans and immigrants to enjoy the digitalized services by Ministry of Internal Affairs, and allowing both mainstream international media and social media platforms to operate within Ugandan space. Uganda has benefited from digital diplomacy through strengthening her international relations with other state and non-state actors, enjoying increased proximity with her diplomatic audiences, enjoying fast and effective communications, saving Uganda from the high financial costs of diplomatic practices as well as favouring Uganda as a small state in its interaction with other states that are already advanced. However, there are risks associated with digital diplomacy in Uganda’s diplomatic practice in the 21st century such as the uncontrolled freedom from the internet and social media, cyber threats, lack of knowledge about the usage of the internet and social media, disagreements among states, culture of anonymity and hacking threats. Therefore, the study recommends investment in massive digital infrastructure, digital based training of diplomats, embarking on civic education to enlighten the Ugandan public on Uganda’s national interests in international relations as well as investment in cyber security.