Experiences of children with incarcerated parents in Uganda

Abstract

The plight of children with incarcerated parents (CWIPS) is not widely known in Uganda yet statistics show an increasing number of inmates (50%) being parents, and the majority (97%) of the women inmates being mothers. Although the background cannot be generalized to the entire population of children with incarcerated parents. This study explored the experiences of CWIPs supported by Wells of Hope Ministries (WOHM). The objectives of this study were: 1) To describe the day-to-day care and living arrangements children with incarcerated parents; 2) To assess the impact of parental incarceration on their children; 3) To examine the successes and challenges encountered by caregivers of children with incarcerated parents in the community; 4) To assess the coping mechanisms adopted by children with incarcerated parents. It was also guided by the general strain theory by Robert Agnew 1992. A cross-sectional descriptive research design was adapted; the study was predominantly qualitative and supplemented by quantitative findings. Sampling was largely purposive with CWIPs as primary study participants and key informants as secondary participants. A total of 69 participants were recruited in the study. Quantitative data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS) while qualitative data was coded and analyzed thematically. Study findings indicate adequate day-to-day care and provision of basic needs accorded to the CWIPs supported by WOHM, reported by most (70%) participants. Isolated incidents of scarcity during times the children are with the caregivers, away from the direct oversight of WOHM, are also revealed in the findings. Stigma was a major social effect of parental incarceration; Findings also indicate evidence of positive adaptation among the CWIPs (70%) despite the psycho-social impacts of parental incarceration resulting from stigmatization and discrimination. Caregiver competence and support has boosted (75%) the CWIP positive adaptation despite psychosocial challenges. Study findings raised valuable insights and can provide a launching point for future research on the impact of parental incarceration on children and their experiences. In conclusion, CWIPs are evident victims of the Criminal Justice System given the lack of social protection services which would bridge the gap created by the absence of their parents. The study recommends stronger partnership with government, additional investment and policy support to enhance adequate care and protection of CWIPs.