Infectious Diseases Institute (IDI) Collections: Recent submissions
Now showing items 1-20 of 119
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Delayed sputum culture conversion in tuberculosis human immunodeficiency virus–coinfected patients with low isoniazid and rifampicin concentrations
(Oxford Academic, 2018)Background. The relationship between concentrations of antituberculosis drugs, sputum culture conversion, and treatment outcome remains unclear. We sought to determine the association between antituberculosis drug ... -
Cellular immune activation in cerebrospinal fluid from Ugandans with cryptococcal meningitis and immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome
(Oxford University Press, 2015)Background. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated cryptococcal meningitis (CM) is characterized by high fungal burden and limited leukocyte trafficking to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The immunopathogenesis of CMimmune ... -
Correlation between co-therapy of efavirenz-based ART and pregnancy among HIV-positive women on hormonal contraceptive implants at TASO Tororo-Uganda: A retrospective review
(2018)Background: We examined the association between EFV and non-EFV based ART regimens and pregnancy outcomes among women who were on HCI in a peri-urban HIV clinic in Tororo, Uganda. Methods: We reviewed and extracted routinely ... -
Effects of HIV infection and ART on phenotype and function of circulating monocytes, natural killer, and innate lymphoid cells
(BioMed Central, 2018)HIV infection causes upregulation of markers of inflammation, immune activation and apoptosis of host adaptive, and innate immune cells particularly monocytes, natural killer (NK) and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs). Although ... -
Prevalence of lipodystrophy and metabolic abnormalities in HIV-infected African children after 3 years on first-line antiretroviral therapy
(Lippincott, 2015)Background: Most pediatric lipodystrophy data come from high-income/ middle-income countries, but most HIV-infected children live in sub-Saharan Africa, where lipodystrophy studies have predominantly investigated stavudine-based ... -
Impaired renal function and associated risk factors in newly diagnosed HIV-infected adults in Gulu Hospital, Northern Uganda
(BioMed Central, 2015)Background: Screening for renal diseases should be performed at the time of diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Despite the high prevalence of HIV/AIDS in Northern Uganda, little is known about the ... -
Feasibility of conducting a pilot randomized control trial of a psycho-education intervention in patients with a first episode psychosis in Uganda—A study protocol
(PLoS ONE, 2022)Background. Psychotic disorders contribute to significant morbidity and mortality partly due to the chronicity of the illness and high relapse rates. Delivering psycho-education messages about disease etiology, their signs ... -
Gastrointestinal cryptococcoma – Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome or cryptococcal relapse in a patient with AIDS?
(Elsevier, 2015)The introduction of antiretroviral therapy (ART) may lead to unusual paradoxical and unmasking presentations of opportunistic infections. Intra-abdominal cryptococcosis is a rare manifestation of Cryptococcus. We present ... -
Predictors and outcomes of mycobacteremia among HIV-infected smear- negative presumptive tuberculosis patients in Uganda
(BioMed Central Infectious Diseases, 2015)Background: Sputum smear microscopy for tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis lacks sensitivity in HIV-infected symptomatic patients and increases the likelihood that mycobacterial infections particularly disseminated TB will be ... -
Evaluation of four chemotherapy regimens for treatment of advanced AIDS-associated Kaposi Sarcoma in Kenya: A cost-effectiveness analysis
(Elsevier, 2022)Background The most effective treatment for advanced AIDS-associated Kaposi sarcoma is paclitaxel or pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD); neither is routinely used in sub-Saharan Africa due to limited availability and ... -
Telling the story of intersectional stigma in HIV-associated Kaposi’s sarcoma in Western Kenya: A convergent mixed-methods approach
(Wiley Online Library, 2022)Introduction: The experience of stigma can be multifaceted for people with HIV and cancer. Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS), one of the most common HIV-associated cancers in sub-Saharan Africa, often presents with visible skin lesions ... -
Barriers and facilitators to chemotherapy initiation and adherence for patients with HIV-associated Kaposi’s sarcoma in Kenya: A qualitative study
(BMC, 2022)Background: Kaposi sarcoma is one of the most prevalent HIV‑associated malignancies in sub‑Saharan Africa and is often diagnosed at advanced stage of disease. Only 50% of KS patients who qualify for chemotherapy receive ... -
Viral load status before switching to dolutegravir-containing antiretroviral therapy and associations with Human Immunodeficiency Virus treatment outcomes in Sub-Saharan Africa
(Oxford University Press, 2021)Background. Dolutegravir is being rolled out globally as part of preferred antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens, including among treatment-experienced patients. The role of viral load (VL) testing before switching patients ... -
Understanding diagnostic delays for kaposi sarcoma in Kenya: A qualitative study
(2022)Background: Although HIV-associated Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is frequently diagnosed at an advanced stage in sub-Saharan Africa, reasons for diagnostic delays have not been well described. Methods: We enrolled patients >18 years ... -
Efficacy and safety of dolutegravir or darunavir in combination with lamivudine plus either zidovudine or tenofovir for second-line treatment of HIV infection (NADIA): week 96 results from a prospective, multicentre, open-label, factorial, randomised, non-inferiority trial
(Elsevier, 2022-04-20)Background WHO guidelines recommend dolutegravir plus two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) for second-line HIV therapy, with NRTI switching from first-line tenofovir to zidovudine. We aimed to ... -
Feasibility of virtual reality based training for optimising COVID-19 case handling in Uganda
(BMC Medical Education, 2022)Background: Epidemics and pandemics are causing high morbidity and mortality on a still-evolving scale exemplifed by the COVID-19 pandemic. Infection prevention and control (IPC) training for frontline health workers is ... -
A training for health care workers to integrate hepatitis B care and treatment into routine HIV care in a high HBV burden, poorly resourced region of Uganda: the ‘2for1’ project.
(BMC Medical Education, 2022)Introduction: The “2for1” project is a demonstration project to examine the feasibility and effectiveness of HBV care integrated into an HIV clinic and service. An initial phase in implementation of this project was the ... -
Using Intervention Mapping methodology to design an HIV linkage intervention in a refugee settlement in rural Uganda.
(AIDS Care, 2022)Nearly 80 million people have been forcibly displaced by persecution, violence, and disaster. Displaced populations, including refugees, face health challenges such as resource shortages, food and housing insecurity, ... -
Surgical site infections after neurosurgical procedures at Mulago National Referral Hospital; prevalence and bacteriological patterns
(Makerere University, 2017)Introduction ABSTRACT Surgical site infections (SSIs) remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality. They also cause high financial burden in healthcare systems worldwide. The development of postoperative surgical ... -
T cell immune responses towards plasmodium falciparum and Schistosoma mansoni co-infection in school going children along lake Victoria shoreline, Mayuge district
(2017-07)Background: T cell immune response is a major component of adaptive immune response system. Immune memory is developed when T helper cells are involved, both Plasmodium falciparum and Schistosoma mansoni infections initiate ...